Pump and compressor



June 4, 1929.

P. HAMLl N PUMP AND COMPRESSOR Filed Aug '7. 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet l June 4, 1929. P, HAMLIN 1,716,127

PUMP AND COMPRESSOR Filgd Aug. "13 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 7? jar/@7231 Patented June 4, 1929.

UNETED STATES rarest orFH CE.

PHILIP HAMLIN, OF QUINCY, MASSACHUSETTS.

PUMP AND COMPRESSOR.

Application filed August 7, 1928.

viscosity, the construction being such that a substantially uninterrupted flow of such liquids may be maintained.

Another purpose is to provide a construction in which the essential parts are simplified and reduced so that the surfaces with which the dense, heavy or viscous liquids come in contact are reduced, clogging and gumming of surfaces are diminished, and costly machining of parts is eliminated.

Another purpose of the invention is to provide a machine so constructed that when used as a compressor, the compression'within the cylinder is eliminated so far as possible, thereby materially reducing the heat developed therein, with consequent reduction in the required lubrication."

Still another purpose of the invention is to provide a pump which may be employed effectively for reducing pressure or establishing a vacuum.

With the aforesaid and other purposes in view, the character of the invention may be best understood by reference to the following description of one embodiment thereof shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a horizontal section through the pump or compressor;

Fig. 2 is a view partly in side elevation and partly in section of the construction shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a transverse section taken on line a"w through the cylinder, ports and piston, showing the piston in retreated position in readiness to advance to discharge fluid from the cylinder; and

Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse section through the cylinder, inlet and outlet ports and piston, showing the piston in advanced position in readiness to retreat to admit fluid into the cylinder.

Referring to the drawings, the pump or compressor shown therein as one good form of the invention, comprises a base 1 supporting a cylinder 3 having an inlet port 5 and an outlet port 7. A piston 9 in the cylinder has Serial N'o. 297,928.

a channel 11 in the periphery thereof extending longitudinally and transversely of the piston, and in the general line of a helix. The piston also has a channel 13 in the periphery thereof extending longitudinally and transversely of the piston, and in the general line of a helix. The piston may be provided with suitable rings 15 of usual construction to prevent leakage.

The piston has a long stem 17 projecting out from and beyond the cylinder. A connecting rod 19 has a yoke 21 at one end thereof provided with pins 23 diametrically 0p-v posed and entering holes in a sleeve 25 on a reduced end of the stem, said sleeve being confined against movement longitudinally of thestem by a shoulder thereon and a ring 27 threaded onto the reduced end of the stem and secured by the pin 29. The construction is such that the piston and stem can be rotated, as will be more fully hereinafter de scribed; The end of the connecting rod opposite the'yoke is connected to a crank 31 having trunnions 33 journalled in bearings 35 mounted upon the'base. One of the trunnions may have a pulley 37 fast thereon which may be driven by a belt from any suitable source of power.

- To rotate the piston, the other crank trunnion has a bevel gear 39 fast thereon meshing with a bevel pinion 41 on one end of a countershaft 13 journalled in bearings 45 and 47 mounted on the base. Fast on the opposite end of the shaft d3 is a pinion 49 meshing with a spur gear 51 splined to the piston stem 17 To confine the gear 51 against axial movement, ithas a hub 53 with a groove 55 therein occupying a bore'in a spider 57 comprising two parts 59 and 61 secured to the cylinder by screw bolts 63. The ratio of bevel gear 39 to bevel-pinion 41 is two to one, and the ratio of pinion 49 to gear 51 is one to two. Therefore the piston receives one complete rotation on each reciprocation thereof.

To cool the cylinder it may be provided with an extended surface in the form of fins 65 projecting outward therefrom and of a construction well understood in the art.

In operation, when the pulley 37 is driven the crank31, through the connecting rod 19, will reciprocate the piston, and the bevel gears 39 and 41, shaft 48 and gears 49 and 51 Will continuously rotate the piston. In the course of the combined reciprocatory and rotary motion of the piston, the channel 11 Will be brought in registration With the inlet port 5 as the piston commences to move away from the cylinder head, thereby admitting fluid into the cylinder. On commencement of the movement of the piston toward the head of the cylinder, the piston will turn to cut off communication between the channel 11 and'the inlet port and bring the channel 13 into communication. With the outlet port. This channel will remain in communication With said port throughout the advance of the piston toward the cylinder head, which forces the fluid from the cylinder. As the piston commences its retreat from the cylinder head, the channel 11 again Will be brought in registration With the inlet port, and another charge of fluid Will be admit-ted into the cylinder. The cycle of operations thus described Will be repeated for each complete rotation and reciprocation .of the piston.

There are important advantages in a pump or compressor of the construction described. Since the piston channel 13 is in communication With theoutlet port throughout the discharge stroke, the compression in the cylinder'is reduced to a minimum, and the compression will be divided between the interior of the cylinder and the interior of the storage tank or other container in communication With the outlet port 7. As a consequence, expansion and contraction of the metal parts due to temperature changes, Will be slight, and but little lubrication will be required. Since either the inlet channel or the outlet channel is practically always in communication With its port, gases or liquids may be kept virtually continuously moving through the cylinder.

When the machine is used as a vacuum pump, the chamber to have the vacuum established therein, Will be placed in communication With the inlet port 5,, and on retreat of the piston from the cylinder head, the gas Will be rarified in the cylinder and chamber.

The machine has feW parts, of simple construction, cheap to manufacture, and easily assembled. There will be little Wear on the moving parts and consequent small cost of maintenance.

Thile the mechanism for reciprocating and continuously-rotating the piston is a good simple, efficient mechanism for the purposes, other means might beemployed.

It Will be understood that the invention is I not limited to the specificembodiment shown,

and outlet ports, a piston in the cylinder having an inlet channel therein for communication with the inlet port and an outlet channel therein for communication With the outlet port, means continuously to rotate the piston to bring the channels alternately in communi cation with their respective ports, and means to impart intake and discharge strokes to the piston, the outlet channel being in communication With the out-let port throughout the discharge stroke of the piston.

'52. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a cylinder having inlet and outlet ports, a piston in the cylinder hav ing an inlet channel extending longitudinally and transversely of the periphery of the piston and adapted for communication With the inlet port, and an outlet channel extending longitudinally and transversely of the periphery of the piston and adapted for communication With the outlet port, means continuously to rotate the piston to bring the channels alternately in communication With their respective ports, and means to reciprocate the piston.

3. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a cylinder having inlet and outlet ports, a piston in the cylinder having channels, one for registration with the inlet port during the intake stroke of the piston, and the other for registration with the outlet port during the discharge stroke of the piston, a stem for said piston, a crank and a connecting rod for imparting reciprocatory motion to the piston, a shaft, gearing for rotating the shaft from the crank, and gearing for rotating the piston from said shaft.

4. In a machine of thecharacter described, the combination of a cylinder having inlet and outlet ports, a piston in the cylinder having a pair of channels opening through the periphery of the piston and adapted respectively for communication with the inlet and outlet ports, and means for imparting a combined rotary and reciprocatory motion to the piston, said channels being formed to provide substantially continuous flow of fluid through the cylinder on the combined rotary and reciprocatory motion of the piston.

.5. In a machine of the character described,

the combination of a base, a cylinder thereon having inlet and outlet ports in sides thereof, a piston in the cylinder having channels opening through the periphery of the piston and adapted respectively for communication with the inlet and outlet ports, and means for reciprocating and rotating the piston, said channels being disposed obliquely to the axis of the piston and extending substantially .the entire length thereof, that fluid may be ad mitted through the inlet port into the cylinder substantially throughout retreat of the piston from the cylinder head, and that fluid may be discharged from the cylinder through the outlet port substantially throughout the munication with the inlet port and the outlet movement of the piston toward the cylinder port, said channels extending obliquely to the 10 head. axis of the pinion and in crossing relation, 6. In a machine of the character described, and means for reciprocating and continuously 5 the combination ofacylinder having inlet and rotating the piston, thereby alternately to outlet ports, a piston in the cylinder having bring said channels in communication With channels opening through the periphery of their respective ports. 7 the piston and adapted respectively for com- PHILIP HAMLIN. 

